Which of the following is a component of the lethal diamond?

• A. Hypothermia
• B. Hyperkalemia
• C. Hypoglycemia
• D. Hypertension

Answer: (A)

Lethal diamond highlights the dangerous interplay where cooling of the body worsens bleeding and metabolic disturbance after severe injury. Hypothermia is included because it directly impairs the coagulation system and platelet function, and it slows enzymatic processes that are essential for clot formation. This cooling also worsens tissue perfusion and contributes to acidosis. Together, hypothermia, acidosis, and coagulopathy feed one another in a vicious circle that greatly increases the risk of death.

The other options don’t fit this pattern. Hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia, and hypertension can occur in various conditions, but they are not defining components of the lethal diamond in trauma resuscitation.