Which ethical principle is illustrated by continuing care for a wounded enemy combatant despite a request to cause harm?

• A. Beneficence
• B. Non-maleficence
• C. Autonomy
• D. Justice

Answer: (B)

Non-maleficence means the duty to do no harm. In continuing care for a wounded enemy combatant even when there’s an instruction to cause harm, the caregiver is prioritizing the patient’s safety and avoiding actions that would increase suffering. This refusal to inflict harm is the essence of non-maleficence. While providing care does embody beneficence (doing good), the key point here is the obligation not to harm. Autonomy and justice aren’t the primary drivers in this situation—the scenario centers on preventing harm rather than respecting a patient’s choices or ensuring fair treatment.